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Backend Architecture Questions

System architecture and design pattern questions.

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Design Patterns & Architecture

Monolith vs Microservices

Aspect Monolith Microservices
Deployment Single unit Independent
Scaling Scale entire app Scale individual
Complexity Simple start Complex but flexible

When to choose microservices:

  • Multiple teams, independent deployment
  • Different scaling needs
  • Clear domain boundaries

Saga Pattern

Distributed transaction without 2PC:

  1. Each service performs local transaction
  2. Publishes event on success
  3. Next service consumes event
  4. If fail, compensating actions undo previous

Two types: Choreography (events) vs Orchestration (coordinator)

CQRS

Command Query Responsibility Segregation:

  • Separate read and write models
  • Write: consistency optimized
  • Read: query performance optimized

Distributed Systems

CAP Theorem

Pick 2: Consistency, Availability, Partition tolerance
In practice: partition tolerance required, choose CP or AP

Resilience Patterns

Circuit Breaker: Prevent cascade failures

  • Closed: normal, Open: failing, Half-Open: testing

Bulkhead: Isolate failures (separate thread pools)

Retry with Backoff: exponential delay (1s, 2s, 4s)

System Design Framework

  1. Clarify requirements
  2. Estimate scale (QPS, storage)
  3. High-level architecture
  4. APIs and data model
  5. Deep dive key components
  6. Tradeoffs and alternatives

Practice Problems

0/3solved
Implement Backend Architecture Questions

Design and implement a solution for Backend Architecture Questions in a backend system. Consider scalability, error handling, and production readiness.

Solution
// Backend Architecture Questions implementation
// Key aspects: validation, error handling, logging, testing

public class BackendArchitectureQuestions {
    // Production-ready implementation
}
Backend Architecture Questions Edge Cases

Identify and handle edge cases for Backend Architecture Questions. What happens under high load, with invalid input, or during failures?

Solution
// Edge case handling:
// 1. Null/empty input -> validation
// 2. High load -> rate limiting, queuing
// 3. Failures -> retries, circuit breaker
// 4. Concurrent access -> locks, idempotency
Backend Architecture Questions Testing Strategy

Write a testing strategy for Backend Architecture Questions. Include unit tests, integration tests, and performance tests.

Solution
// Test plan:
// - Unit: 80% coverage target
// - Integration: API contracts
// - Performance: latency, throughput
// - Chaos: failure injection

Quiz

1. When choose microservices?

Question 1 options

2. Circuit Breaker prevents?

Question 2 options

3. What is the primary purpose of Backend Architecture Questions?

Question 3 options

4. What is a common mistake when implementing Backend Architecture Questions?

Question 4 options

Flashcards

Question

Monolith vs Microservices?

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Answer

Monolith: simple. Micro: independent scaling/deployment

Question

What is CQRS?

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Answer

Separate read and write models for optimization

Question

What is Backend Architecture Questions?

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Answer

Backend Architecture Questions is a key concept in backend development.

Question

When to use Backend Architecture Questions?

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Answer

Use Backend Architecture Questions when building production systems that require reliability, scalability, and maintainability.

Question

Backend Architecture Questions best practices

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Answer

Follow SOLID principles, write clean code, test thoroughly, document decisions, and monitor in production.

Revision Notes

Key Takeaways

  • 1.Microservices for independent deployment
  • 2.Saga for distributed transactions without 2PC
  • 3.CQRS separates read/write models
  • 4.Know CAP theorem and resilience patterns

Interview Tips

  • •Use structured framework for system design
  • •Discuss tradeoffs in every decision
  • •Be ready to deep dive into any component

Cheat Sheet

Architecture Interview

  • Monolith vs Micro: Monolith=simple, Micro=independent
  • Saga: Distributed transactions without 2PC
  • CQRS: Separate read/write models
  • CAP: Consistency, Availability, Partition (pick 2)
  • Patterns: Circuit Breaker, Bulkhead, Retry
  • Framework: Requirements -> Scale -> Architecture -> Deep Dive